U.S. History (General)

Within History

Black and white image with closeup of a sign that reads, "Civil Rights Plus Full Employment." Crowd of people and protest signs fill the background.

Black and white illustration of soldiers charging opposing forces during the American Revolution. Several men are pummeled on the ground beneath their feet.

Still image from: 13 Colonies

US map with image of Native Americans and pilgrims sharing food. New Hampshire, Connecticut, Maryland, and Rhode Island are labeled, and the year 1630 is highlighted. Caption. Maryland was founded in 1632, by Lord Baltimore.

Still image from: 4th of July Facts

Digital collage. Portrait of George Washington next to a map of the U, S with some eastern states shaded purple. Thought bubble reads, "I'm the president and I set lots of precedents!" Caption. As our first president, he established many precedents.

Digital collage. Superimposed heads of James Madison and Thomas Jefferson on the bodies of 2 men with arms around each other. Text overlay reads, "B, F, Fs 4 eva." Caption. His best friend was Thomas Jefferson.

Digital collage with James Monroe wrapped in an American flag and a number 1 foam hand that reads, "U, S, A." Black and white image of crowd waving American flags in background. Caption. His presidency was called the Era of Good Feelings.

Digital collage. John Adams' head superimposed on Christmas elf's body standing in front of Massachusetts State House. Speech bubble reads, "Go Sawks!" Caption. Female as narrator. John Adams was a grumpy, frumpy principled lawyer from Boston.

Painting of Thomas Jefferson with an exaggerated head. He stands in a room filled with men, some surrounding a table with books and papers. Speech bubble reads, "Take that King George!" Caption. Tom took the lead on the Declaration of Independence.

Digital rendering. Aerial view of 2 switchback staircases with white figures walking downwards on a level labeled, "sixty-ninth floor."

Native American person with face paint wears animal feathered headdress. Caption. But the history of American Indians in this land.

Color illustration of a hunter with long, dark hair aiming a spear at two deer by a lake. Caption. Hurled with a unique and powerful tool.

Aerial view of sprawling red rock formations. Caption. Resting between the Rocky Mountains on the east.

Photo collage of Chinese people with text overlay that reads, "Exclusion and Acceptance."

Green-roofed paifang stands between 2 buildings on a city street. Car and pedestrians in foreground. Caption. Of many major American cities is a bit of China.

Closeup of front page of newspaper with headline that reads, "Supreme Court Strikes Out School Segregation as Against Constitution."

Woman raises eyebrows and opens mouth in mid-speech. Painting with mounds of pottery and a figure holding up their fist as backdrop. Caption. That it was a time when the tradition of tolerance.

Black and white image of a swamp with lush trees in the foreground and birds in the background. Caption. But 500 years ago, it was home to swamps.

Rectangle with two boxes. One labeled, "Yes," has a check mark and the other labeled, "No" is empty. American flag backdrop. Caption. Voting is a powerful right and important responsibility.

Lime green map of the United States overlaid by a vertical strip with states in brown and red and white stripes beneath.

Rendering of a tattered Betsy Ross flag with circle of stars in the upper left corner and faded red and white stripes.

Collage with image of Grover Cleveland emerging from U, S Capitol building and holding a sign that reads, "Labor Day." American flag waves from each side. Caption. As a national holiday in September to honor workers.

Sepia toned image of a cemetery lined with rows of blank headstones. Title bar reads, "May 30, 1838."

2 individuals in uniform face away from camera and salute an image of George Washington. An American flag fills the background. Superimposed title card reads, "1880s."

Collage displaying photos of influential women with female symbol superimposed over images. Caption. As scientists, inventors, artists, politicians, and more.

Black and white photo of Amelia Earhart, smiling and peeking out from a car door, husband George Putnam standing beside her. Caption. Amelia Earhart set aviation records.

Senior woman stands in a crowd of people reaching towards something that is not visible in frame. In the foreground, a woman's hand in a blue latex glove. Caption. Where he learned about morality and economics.

Close up of an American flag held up by a hand on each side. Projection screen, office chairs and desk in the background.

Closeup of a person front loading a Civil War-era cannon attached to a wheel. Caption. Without accepting the eager pool of black volunteers.

Outline of the United States crisscrossed with glowing lines and luminous flares.

Aerial view of an elevated train running between brick buildings beneath a city skyline.

Black and white photo closeup of a lightbox sign that reads, "On the air."

Closeup looking up at the face of the green Statue of Liberty against a blue sky. Caption. "She is, of course, the Statue of Liberty."

Lake with the Jefferson Memorial in Washington, D,C in the distance. Text on image reads, "Becoming Equal Under the Law."

Still image from: Black Boys

Color illustration of a green fountain with colorful mission style buildings in the background. Caption. That is very much alive in California today.

Still image from: California: History--The First Inhabitants to the American Civil War

Still image from: California: History--The Wild West to the 21st Century

Still image from: Campaigning: Earning Every Vote

Black and white illustration of a young Christopher Columbus, with a mustache, beard, and soft hat. Caption. Columbus had become even more convinced of his destiny.

Batte map shows 5 red rectangles labeled "Lee" on the west bank of the Rappahannock River near Fredericksburg and 3 blue rectangles labeled "Hooker" on the east bank. The Rapidian River branches off from Rappahannock to the northwest, with 3 blue rectangles sitting on the west bank and 1 blue rectangle on the east bank and close to Chancellorsville.

Battle map shows individual red rectangles for Confederate troops on 1 side of the Rappahannock River, and stacked green rectangles for Union troops labeled "Sumner", "Hooker" and "Franklin" on the other side. A blue arrow points from Sumner across the river, through Fredericksburg, and towards the Confederate troops.

Cardboard model of a Spanish mission rests in the grass. Spanish caption. El modelo de July de la tercera misión.

Woman and children crouch in a circle on the ground as they work adobe with their hands. Caption. Of their adobe brick ingredients.

2 Native American men and 2 Native American children sit closely together inside a wood structure. Caption. Listening to stories told by the native elders.

Man wears a dark polo with the word "staff" printed on it. His eyebrows are slightly raised and his mouth is open mid-speech. Caption. Talking about our friends in Signers' Hall.

Woman stands in the middle of 3 3D digital buildings representing the U, S, Legislative Branch, Judicial Branch, and Executive Branch.

Painting of men creating the U, S Constitution. Some are standing, others are seated, and 1 sits at a table partially covered in papers with a book, inkwell, and quill pen on the other side. Caption. And how they handled those concerns.

Still image from: Countdown to Apollo: Amiable Strangers

Still image from: Countdown to Apollo: Apollo Fact or Fiction

Still image from: Countdown to Apollo: Caught on Camera

Still image from: Countdown to Apollo: Decisions, Decisions

Still image from: Countdown to Apollo: Mercury 7

Still image from: Countdown to Apollo: Space Race Firsts

Still image from: Countdown to Apollo: The Apollo Players

Still image from: Countdown to Apollo: Was It Worth It?

Native Americans with drums and White soldiers in red jackets and white paints, walking.

Closeup of brown script on a tan background. Script reads, "July 4, 1776. United States of America.

Senior man stands on the lawn in front of a Victorian-style building. The sign next to him reads, "The Law Offices of Peter Miller".

Corner of Wall Street in dim light with 2 N, Y, P, D squad cars parked at the corner while several people in suits walk by in the background. Several American flags are displayed on a building on the right. Caption. But things are different now.

Black and white cartoon of 2 men and a woman standing in a row before a large hand that holds up a paper that reads, "Ballot" with a check mark beneath.

Still image from: Elections

Still image from: Electoral College

Still image from: Electoral College

Black men wade along the edge of a river surrounded by trees. Caption. Garrett helped more than 2,000 enslaved people to freedom.

Aerial shot of a diorama that shows ruins of several multi-level buildings. Caption. Some Native Americans who lived in the Southwest deserts.

Black and white frame shows a group of men dressed in colonial-era clothing, carrying rifles at their side. Caption. In April of 1775, a small band of colonists called militiamen.

Closeup of a white protest sign that reads, "Stop Racism Now" in red bold block letters. Caption. Does not mean that the government.

Nineteenth century black and white photo of a group of Black adults and children standing against a house. Caption. It was ratified in 1868.

Low shot of several men in American revolutionary-era clothing walking in a group with rifles at their side. Caption. This led to protests.

2 men dressed in shirts that read F, B, I Evidence Response Team look through the open trunk of a white sedan. Text overlay reads, "Search and seizure must be reasonable." Caption. And that there can be no action without probable cause.

Black and white photo of rows of people crowded into a building. Caption. At the local courthouse, sometimes bringing his son.

Small fountains of water erupt from a series of ornamental basins. Manicured greenery in the background.

Visualization of the U, S branches of government. Green arrows lead from Legislative to Executive and Judicial. A red arrow leads from the Judicial to Executive. Background is a collage of government terms like, Checks and Balances, and Gridlock.

Dr. Andrew Rudalevige faces camera next to text that reads, "Political Action Committee. Noun. An organization that raises money privately to influence elections or legislation."

Graph shows Government Spending in trillions of U,S dollars. The Y-axis has a scale of 0 to 4. The x-axis has a scale of the years 1800 to 2015. A red line gradually increases from 1800 to W,W,2 but only slightly above 0.

Simple icon of the capitol building next to text that reads, "Testing food, drugs, and other consumer products." The background is a transparent image of a scientist doing lab tests.

Dr. Andrew Rudalevige faces camera next to an email message that reads, "To, Bowdoin College. Re, More Founding Principles!" The body of the email is empty and there is a send button at the bottom.

Dr. Andrew Rudalevige faces camera and gestures with both hands slightly up and bent at the elbow. The backdrop is a closeup of parchment.

Dr. Andrew Rudalevige faces camera and gestures with both hands up and bent at elbow. The backdrop is a collage of old newspapers. The prominent headline reads, "Women win right to vote in suffragette victory. Nineteenth Amendment ratified!"

Color illustration of a multi-story factory with 3 smokestacks. Text overlay reads, "Refined 98% of sugar sold in U, S." The name E, C Knight is visible at the bottom right corner.

Closeup of parchment with cursive writing just barely visible in the top right corner.

Dr. Andrew Rudalevige stands in front of a black and white photo backdrop of F, D, R doing a fireside chat and a portrait photo John F. Kennedy that has been placed at the bottom of the frame.

Dr. Andrew Rudalevige faces camera with a confused expression on his face. Next to him, a text box reads, "Certiorari. Noun. A writ or order by which a higher court reviews a decision of a lower court."

Dr. Andrew Rudalevige stands in front of camera, gesturing out with both hands. Behind him, a black and white collage of a baby crying and another baby looking just off camera.

Mind map chart shows a central circle, labeled Media's Effects, branching off in 3 directions to 3 circles labeled Framing, Agenda Setting, and Priming.

Portrait photos of Barack Obama and Mitt Romney with text on image that reads, "129 million 237 thousand 647 people voted in 2012 U, S Presidential Election."

Dr. Andrew Rudalevige faces camera with a video frame next to him in the shape of a T, V set. The image on the T, V shows several teenagers wearing white blindfolds.

Yellow background with crisscrossing strokes of red and brown. Title card reads, "Freedom in Congo Square."

Framed illustration of 11 Black slaves wearing white garments labeled with a name, age, and price. 2 weathered papers with faded script in the background. Text at below image reads, "For Sale."

Line drawing. Black Seminole man wearing a cloak and long hat lunges forward as a police officer pulls back on his collar. Spanish caption. Osceola murio en prision.

Still image from: George Washington

Map of eastern United States with north shaded blue and south shaded red. Dashed arrows point to a red dot labeled "Gettysburg."

Silhouette of a seventeenth century sailing vessel at sunset. Caption. Hudson's crew worried the voyage might be cursed.

Color illustration. Young Black boy stands, looking apprehensive, next to a man laying in bed and looking back at him. Caption. Some slaves were freed by their owners.

Painting. Closeup of feet drawn in blue beneath a drapey green garment. A shackle-like item sits between feet. Title card reads, "Her Right Foot."

Still image from: Hidden Figures: Timeline

Black and white image of nineteenth century men surrounding an unconscious Abraham Lincoln wearing white and lying in bed.

1800s sepia-toned photo of 2 Chinese toddlers seated in toy cars, hands on steering wheels and dressed in costumes. Caption. The children of Heinlenville began to bridge the cultures..

Still image from: How Parties Decide on Their Candidates

Closeup of red drawers with gold, round handles in a row. One in the bottom center has a pink and gold label that reads, "S. Santon." Caption. Every medicine used during the Black Plague contained sugar.

Still image from: Influential Women: Clara Barton

Still image from: Influential Women: Sandra Day O'Connor

Still image from: Influential Women: Sonia Sotomayor

Still image from: Let Liberty Rise! How America's Schoolchildren Helped Save the Statue of Liberty

Native American person on horseback rides off into the distant sunset. Caption. We have a right to speak about it.

Woman in a suit stands in shadow with hands clasped at waist and lips parted as she speaks. Caption. As governor, it's up to me to decide.

Park ranger stands with his hands clasped at his waist. An American flag hangs in the background. Caption. Of the signing of the Constitution.

Young woman in tie-dyed shirt with sunglasses on her head smiles and holds a box of cigarettes. Caption. I'm like, "Mr. Choplick, how ya doin'?"

Bronze sculpture depicts pioneers fording a river in a covered wagon pulled by oxen. Caption. A thematic dry riverbed with rocks cropping out.

Jan E Matzeliger standing next to the image of him on the Black Heritage 29 cent USA stamp.

Cartoon character standing next to a drawing of an African American man. Caption: I was just reading about Garrett Morgan.

Animated puppet, Marvie, smiles and looks sideways at an easel that displays a drawing of a woman labeled, "Ada Lovelace." Caption. I just learned about mathematician, Ada Lovelace.

Overhead view of a a large assembly line with tan boxes being moved along conveyor belts. Several people with white hard hats and uniforms are working in various stations. Caption. For the milk they were producing on their farms.

John Lewis wears a dark suit and sits in front of black and blue background. His face turns to the side with a perplexed expression. Title bar reads, "Minds that matter. John Lewis, Democratic U, S congressman, Georgia."

Stone ledges stand on both sides of a curved brick wall. Caption. The mission Indians mixed this quicklime with water.

Mission Santa Barbara stands behind a paved plaza with trees and mountains in the background. Caption. Mission Santa Barbara is a noble landmark.

Closeup of the Mission San Diego de Alcala surrounded by trees. Caption. Father Junipero Serra.

Closeup of the Mission San Diego de Alcala overlaid with a map of California. Gold crosses mark locations along the coast of the map. Spanish caption. La misión San Diego.

Closeup of the bell wall at the Mission San Gabriel Arcangel. Caption. All who and all who hear the ringing of its bells.

Closeup of the bell wall at the Mission San Gabriel Arcangel. Spanish caption. Ésta la distinguida misión de San Gabriel Arcángel.

Closeup of a fountain in front of the arches of the Mission Santa Barbara. Caption. So soundly was this water system engineered that, remarkably.

Black and white illustration of the Mission Santa Barbara. Man in a wide brimmed hat rides a horse and other people populate the foreground. Spanish caption. La misión santa Bárbara.

Still image from: Museum Access: American Heritage Museum

Still image from: Museum Access: American Museum of Natural History

Still image from: Museum Access: American Writers Museum

Still image from: Museum Access: Bridgehouse & Chicago River Museum

Bronze statue of a man in uniform holding his belt. On the wall behind him is a star below text that reads, "In honor of those members of the Office of Strategic Services who gave their lives in the service of their country."

2 trains face opposite directions on separate tracks. The train on the left is black and older, probably coal-powered, and the train on the right has thick tan and green horizontal stripes and is more modern.

Outside view of a 2-story green building with a pitched roof and one turret next to a grass tennis court. There's a small bronze statue of a man with an older tennis racquet extended backward next to a small informational sign.

Still image from: Museum Access: Mark Twain Museum

Old film projector made of dark metal sits on a table in a dimly lit warehouse room next to cardboard boxes and other artifacts in the background.

Still image from: Museum Access: Museum of the Moving Image

Still image from: Museum Access: NYC Fire Museum

Still image from: Museum Access: Ringling Museum

Street view of the entrance of the Adler Planetarium, a domed building made of darker stone with a wide staircase leading up to it. It is surrounded by a building of a triangular shape made of glass.

Still image from: Museum Access: West Point Military Museum

Small silver plane with a front propeller and a sealed cockpit sits outside a large warehouse. Text on the plane reads, "Toulouse Nuts."

Black and white image of 3 men seated across from a woman, all in business attire. Caption. Byck turned to Dwight Anderson, dean of the School of Music.

Sepia-toned closeup portrait of a senior Native American man wearing a headdress. Caption. They all survived off the herds of buffalo that roamed the land.

Closeup of a shiny brown bird-like mask with a red beak and dark eyes. Caption. They also carved elaborate masks made of wood for ceremonies.

Sepia-toned photo of a multi-level stone structure with stairs, walls, and chimneys. Caption. They could be built to stand up to seven stories high.

Interior of hut with wood poles lashed together in a grid, forming the frame for the walls and ceiling. Caption. A long house was much like an apartment house.

Black people in period costumes gather around a fire pit in the grass with log cabins in background. Caption. And they had no personal freedoms at all.

Still image from: Overview: Who Made These Giant Desert Figures...and Why?

Wide shot of the Portland skyline in the distance, looking through 2 glass towers in the foreground. Caption. Who have produced a thriving economy in the 21st century.

Bearded middle-aged man in a brick-walled room with large steel frame windows. Caption. Acting as a sort of global policeman.

Black and white illustration of 3 figures standing around a wooden pole with their arms around one another. Other figures dance in a circle around them. Caption. Chief Powhatan decided he still loved his daughter.

Still image from: Political Parties and Their Candidates

United States Constitution in original form. On screen is the text of the First Amendment to the Constitution written in black.

Computer graphic of the state of Ohio and a scroll that reads, "Ohio's First Constitution 1803." In the background on the left is a detailed map of Ohio, and on the right is a photo of the Ohio capitol building above the seal of the governor of Ohio.

2 black and white photos. The left photo shows the Ohio Statehouse, which is domed and has many pillars around the perimeter. The right photo shows the Greek Revival Building, which has a circular second story and many pillars around the perimeter.

Screenshot of Camp David, Maryland from Google Earth. A computer graphic of a red push pin is dropped over the location.

Several privacy booths used for voting in U, S elections are lined up. They have American flags with the word "vote" in blue painted on them. Caption. Our most important right as citizens.

Still image from: President's Cabinet: The Executive Branch

The deck of an underwater ship covered in debris and rusted metal. Caption: the wreckage of the Titanic rests on the seafloor,

Black and white photo of a white building with a sign that reads L. Kaufman, Cheap Cash Store. Caption. They had all of these informal financial relationships

Large metal object hangs from a beamed structure fixed to the ocean floor. Boats pass by in the background.

Reenactment of Roanoke Island Colony life. 2 men in elegant fifteen nineties clothing walk past an indigenous person speaking to a settler. Caption. Thus, Lord Grenville returned to England for supplies.

Color illustration of diverse children in an art gallery looking up at framed portraits of 13 historical American women.

Painting of 1800s frontiersmen shooting at Native Americans. Caption. He then, successfully, led his warriors.

Painting of a man looking up as he crouches by a rock at the edge of a body of water. Another man pulls a boat full of people to shore in the background. Title bar reads, "Religious freedom." Caption. In search of religious freedom.

Blurry black and white photo of a procession of women wearing long black dresses and headscarves. Spanish caption. En los 1840, imigrantes irlandeses.

Woman with gray hair wearing a green shirt talking. White text on bottom of screen reads, "Barbara Ketcham Wheaton. Culinary historian, Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute of Harvard University." Caption. Due to political disruption in Asia.

Young men in robes face away from camera and write on a small chalkboard. Caption. Man as narrator. Way, way, way back, the ancient Greeks.

Title card on striated prismatic background reads, "The making of the president." Caption. The making of the president.

Medium shot of a smiling middle aged man wearing glasses. Caption. Looking at the branch's creation might help us understand.

Closeup of the front of the Supreme Court building. Statues and stairs lead to the west entry door of the building. A series of columns support the building's pediment. Text on image reads, "Thanks to the Civil Rights Act."

Closeup of a woman looking directly at camera as she smiles broadly. Behind her is a background that appears to be a glassed-in entry to a school hallway. Caption. As the Court ruled in 1986.

Man with white hair and a beard wearing a red shirt and navy jacket talks while standing on the deck of a wooden ship. Several brown ropes and open ocean are in the background. Caption. By the early fifteen hundreds, there were shops that sold coffee.

Closeup of Black person wearing glasses and looking downward. Caption. Were shocking.

English soldiers march through the fog, moving towards a distant blaze. Caption. Mad Anthony's troops indiscriminately destroy.

Grocery store produce department with stacks of different fruit. Caption: Many fruits are better for us than candy and cookies.

Background image with cross legged people seated on Yoga mats raising their arms overhead. A book cover overlay on the has a title that reads, "Access Your Inner Power. Awakening Your Health and Vitality."

Medium view of a man speaking while sitting before a backdrop of the U, S flag and an overlay of the Georgia state flag. Title card below the man reads, "Randy Howe. Author. Flags of the 50 States."

Closeup of Abraham Lincoln's young son, William "Willie" Wallace Lincoln. A black and white photo of the child with a black star in the lower left corner appears next to text which provides William's biography.

Side-by-side news-style Teen Kids News interview with a teenager speaking to a middle-aged woman. A text box below reads, "Anger. Dr. Susan Heitler, Psychologist."

Middle aged man in a suit stands in front of a large conference table. He looks at camera as he speaks and gestures with both hands.

Teenage boy looks at a textbook as he studies at a table covered with books. Above him is a clock overlay display showing 12:20 with 12 to 4 shaded in red. Text below him reads, "Experts say most of us can only concentrate for about 45 minutes at a time."

Digital screen in background reads, "Speak of the Week" with an image of a teenage boy standing in front of wall art next to it. Text in a box below images reads, "How would you spend a million dollars?"

A gallery area filled with mosaic art in large and small frames hanging side by side on walls or on easels. In the foreground, tabletops with iron legs display elaborate mosaic designs.

Medium view of a teenage girl in a studio setting standing in front of a digital backdrop. She looks straight towards camera, smiling. Text on backdrop reads, "Teen Kids News" overlayed on a series of geometric shapes.

Aerial view of Washington D, C. The Washington Monument and Jefferson Memorial stand across the water from one another in the foreground.

Teenage boy looks down and to the side while a teenage girl blows a bubble in the background.

Still image from: Teen Kids News (Episode 1904)

2 teenage girls stand outdoors in front of a concrete block wall. 1 girl's arm rests on the shoulder of the other girl who holds a microphone while speaking. Both look towards the camera.

Still image from: Thanksgiving

Still image from: The 50 States

Still image from: The Boston Tea Party

Black and white photos of a Native American woman and man wearing medals around their necks. Caption. Like currency used to purchase loyalty.

Black and white photo of 4 men sitting in a car with the top down. 2 wear flat caps and another is in uniform.

Man bends forward to work on an early model car. He is dressed in a vest and pants from the early 1900s. A large garage door is open to a grassy field and trees in the background.

Bird's eye view of a white mid-century car with chrome details.

Black and white photo of a girl wearing a flannel jacket, hat, and gloves, leaning against a wood railing. Caption. Got to let our children take their chances here.

Wide high shot of New York City skyline with smoke billowing from the World Trade Center Towers.

Still image from: The Declaration of Independence

Still image from: The First Amendment in the 21st Century: Bartnicki v. Vopper

Still image from: The First Amendment in the 21st Century: Boy Scouts of America v. Dale

Still image from: The First Amendment in the 21st Century: Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission

Still image from: The First Amendment in the 21st Century: Garcetti v. Ceballos

Still image from: The First Amendment in the 21st Century: Van Orden v. Perry and McCreary County v. ACLU of Kentucky

Still image from: The First Amendment in the 21st Century: Zelman v. Simmons-Harris

Still image from: The Great List of Everything: The Microwave

Black and white photo of several people wearing white uniforms using tools to work in a field with waist-high plants. Caption. So as they came and as the people were brought.

Closeup of a man in a neckerchief and wide brimmed hat. Caption. Milt Elliot joined the party as James Reed's main ox driver.

Woman in pioneer costume sits at the edge of a covered wagon with children in pioneer costumes surrounding her. Caption. This scene made a woman of me.

Sepia toned three-quarter view of John Wilkes Booth with short curly hair and a mustache wearing a suit coat and cravat.

Man in military dress blues walks through a military cemetary with hundreds of white tombstones.

Black man in a white tunic stands on a platform to the right of 2 men in suits and top hats. Caption. To stand on a raised platform.

Carved wooden levers. Caption: I want a fully operational Gutenberg-style one.

Blurry film still of men wearing black suits and hats with badges on their jackets. They stand in a line holding rifles as they face shadowy figures in foreground.

Men in period costumes lean over a table. On the table is a candle that is blown out and a lightbulb that is lit up.

2 early model cars drive down a dirt road lined with trees.

Painting of Civil War era military vessels in the water with smoke billowing from their funnels and an American flag in the distance.

Still image from: The Pilgrims

Still image from: The President Needs a Helper

Black and white photo of a group of people. A man holds a boy in the foreground next to a woman shielding her eyes. Caption. It showed a whole generation a wider world.

Grainy black and white photo of men in suits and various hats. Caption. Were wounded or got killed.

Closeup of a crowd of people carrying banners and signs at a demonstration. Caption. Before the Civil War, the issues were slavery.

Black and white photo of a man in a suit and black frame glasses. Caption. The assistant attorney general, William H. Rehnquist.

Still image from: The Three Rules to Be President

Black and white photo of a Model T. Sign reads, See the Model T, The New 1908 Ford automobile. Spanish caption. América entró en la edad de la máquina.

Digital map closeup of the intersection of U, S state borders for Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Missouri. The Civil War battle site, Shiloh, is on the border of Tennessee and Mississippi, southwest of Nashville and south of Columbus.

Digital map of the Battle of Shiloh. The Hornet's Nest battle line is in blue, west of the Tennessee River, east of Shiloh Church. Grant's Last Line, also in blue, is behind the Hornet's Nest at the river border. 4 red battle lines southwest of Shiloh Church have arrows extending out and to the middle and edges of the Hornet's Nest battle line.

Native American woman dressed in a tan fringe top, colorful scarf and hair piece holds a child in her arms. Caption. Were foods like corn, potatoes, turkey.

Painting. Young Black girl jumping rope outside with homes in background. Caption. Under the shade of a sweet-smelling pine.

Still image from: Tomb of the Unknown Soldier: The Silent Sentinels

Aerial view of the U, S, S Slater World War 2 destroyer ship parked at a dock, showing 4 levels, stationary cannons, and stacked rounds on display. Caption. You can visit it in Albany.

Battle scene depicts 19th century American soldiers firing cannons with the overlay of a giant revolver pointed across the screen. Caption. About how the great State of Texas came to be.

Wide shot of the Baltimore city skyline from across the Patapsco River. Text overlay reads, "Star Spangled Edition".

Closeup of a model World War 2 pilot helmet complete with aviator goggles, gas mask, and name label, Captain Zimmerman. The helmet is on display with other items at a gift shop. Caption. Full of flyable World War 2 fighter planes you can't miss.

Closeup of a plate of chicken wings drenched in bright red hot sauce with carrot and celery sticks on the side. Caption. No matter how you like your hot wings.

Closeup of a red sculpture of interconnected contrasting geometric shapes in the plaza in front of the Denver Art Museum. Caption. With museums, live music, and art galleries.

Man dressed in a tan suit with purple shirt and necktie stands in an art gallery facing camera. Caption. Then we'll speak with a professor.

Outdoor exhibit of large neon signs; the most prominent reads Binion's Horseshoe in all caps. Caption. The final resting place for those large neon signs.

Closeup of the cockpit of the Space Shuttle Endeavor at the California Science Center. It is raised off the ground on a yellow metal lift and 2 people are standing below. Caption. Finally, we're clear for launch.

Closeup of a wax figure depicting a medieval soldier looking over his shoulder with a surprised expression. Caption. In the history of conflict at the Frazier Museum.

Low shot looking up at the stone walls and entrance to historic Union Army fort, Fort Snelling. Modern doors stretching across the entrance are open showing more buildings within the fort. Caption. We'll break ranks at Fort Snelling.

Portrait painting of President Andrew Jackson with medium-length wavy gray hair and gray bushy eyebrows. Caption. Got a 20 spot? Look at the face on it.

Mardi Gras art installation depicts a giant ape with painted red fingernails, banana dress, and cat eye sunglasses. Next to this, a smaller ape squats atop a crate looking out. Caption. Enough war talk, we came to party.

Colorful sign decorated with images of an underwater scene reads Newton Perry, Underwater Mermaid Theatre. Caption. Puts "real life mermaids" on display.

Scene transition shows a closeup on the Rocky Balboa statue raising his boxing gloves in the air and the courtyard and main building of the Philadelphia Museum of Art.

Closeup of a military fighter jet parked on a tarmac with snow capped mountains in the distance. In the distance, a variety of planes including commercial aircrafts, and a World War 2 plane. Caption. A functioning Air Force base.

Closeup on a man wearing a black t-shirt and glasses smiling wide with Hispanic entertainers and musicians interacting with a smiling crowd. Caption. Of one of the most culturally interesting cities in the U.S..

Exterior shot of the Maritime Museum of San Diego with the U, S, S Midway aircraft carrier on display. It's a propeller plane with wings folded back and a radar disc on top.

Scene transition shows a black steam engine train with the label, Central of Georgia, and a closeup on the nose of the train with the number 8. Caption. Afterwards, we steam on ahead to the Railroad Museum.

Complex of buildings and roads. Caption: (narrator) Stretching 72 miles down Florida's east coast,

Wide shot of ancient stone enclosure walls of a castle fortress with 2 observation towers visible at the outer points. Caption. We'll go to the Castillo de San Marcos.

Closeup of a group of several sea sponges gathered in a blue net. Caption. Why am I telling you this?

2 men dressed in costumes that depict 19th century British military kneel and aim a rifle across a grass lawn towards a cannon. In the background, a group of multi-story modern buildings. Caption. From those invading Yanks in the War of 1812.

Exhibit on the deck of a Civil War battleship. In the foreground, a copper bell reads U, S, S North Carolina, 1908. Caption. We take you aboard the U, S, S North Carolina battleship.

A well-groomed woman in a hat. Caption: A million couldn't repay me for what I've lost.

Still image from: Two Cents: Are We Headed for a Depression?

Pastel painting of a woman in a simple black dress with white lace collar drinking tea at a dining table. Caption. And two slices of cake.

Simple line drawing of North America with green shaded arrows in Central Canada and New England. A key indicates the green shaded areas are Britain. Caption. Britain claimed the East Coast and most of Canada.

Man seated on a stool speaks directly to camera against an orange stage backdrop like he is giving a lesson as a subject expert. Caption. Cooler climates, less land, and the flourishing.

Fisheye lens shot of the Pointe à Callière Museum of Archeology and History showing a tall cylindrical building with a decorative glass fan sticking out midway. A narrow rectangular building with vertical windows hugs the other building on 1 side.

Woman smiles and speaks directly to camera against a white backdrop like she is giving a lesson as a subject expert. Caption. This unequal relationship.

3 young Black men standing in formation wear blue Civil War era Union Army costumes. A horse and other figures are out of focus in background. Caption. Refused African-American soldiers.

Sepia-tone map of a small town. In the middle, Gothic-style text surrounds a drawing of an eagle with outstretched wings and reads, "Map of the Village of Auburn, 1857." Sketches of different styles of buildings are in the top right.

2 small airplanes parked next to each other on a grassy field on a sunny day, with an orange windsock and a brown-brick building in the distance behind them. The closest plane has a white cover on it.

Multistory wooden building painted light blue on a street next to a smaller wooden building painted white with a tree-covered hill in the background on a sunny day. The blue building has a small bell tower.

City street lined with connected buildings of various heights and colors on the left and brick buildings with turrets on the right. A hill with trees is at the end, and many modern vehicles are parked in the street.

Low-angle view of a 3-story red-brick building with turrets on each corner and a taller turret in the front middle. The sky is blue with a few clouds, and a couple vehicles drive by.

Sepia-tone sketch of an aerial view of city with a large hill rising in the back.

Closeup of a wooden sign painted forest green and burgundy in front of a tan building. Painted in yellow are the words, "Deposit Historical Society Museum, 145." Pink daisies are beneath the sign.

Wooden sign painted white with text in blue and black that reads, "Welcome to Downsville. Settled 1792." A oval with a painting of a brown barn is in the center of the sign.

Computer graphic of a poster with an aerial view of a city with streets in a grid. A river runs across the bottom left. The words, "Elimira, New York," are written across the bottom center in Gothic script, with other miniscule text on each side.

Black and white photo of a large, long multistory building with a painted white sign that reads, "Endicott-Johnson Workers, Tanners, and Shoe Makers." Many 1930s-style cars are parked in the parking lot in the front.

City street lined with buildings of varying shades and heights as several vehicles drive by on a sunny day.

Closeup of a blue and red metal sign with green trees in the background. Text on the sign reads, "Stephen Ketchum settled near this site in the town of Greene and built his log cabin in 1792."

Brown wooden sign hanging above green bushes next to a short flag pole with the U, S flag and a yellow flag beneath it. They are in a field of grass lined with green trees. The sign reads, "Welcome to Groton. Incorporated 1860."

2 lamp posts with an iron sign, which reads, "Town Square, Hancock, New York. Gateway to the Upper Delaware," arching between them. Behind is a green roofed gazebo and a white multistory building in front of a large, green hill.

Closeup of a sign on vertical and horizontal brown posts painted like red brick, with a raised circle in the middle that reads, "Horseheads Historical Museum at the Depot." A red brick building with a ramp is visible in the background to the left.

Red brick building with a low red-brick wall partially covered in green vines with a flower bed with marigolds in front. Text on the wall reads, "Ithaca, New York."

Illustration of a street separating 2 large, multistory, red-brick buildings. A water tower is between them, and sprawling gardens unfold before them. Cars from the early 1990s drive along the street.

Low-angle closeup of a blue and yellow metal sign with green trees in the background. Text on the sign reads, "She-Qua-Ga, 'Tumbling Waters.' A sketch now in the Louvre made about 1820 by Louis Philippe, later king of France."

Closeup of a wooden sign painted green between 2 wooden posts in front of green trees. Yellow text on the sign reads, "Moravia. Settled 1789. National Register of Historic Places."

City street lined with brick buildings of varying shades of red on the right and a church steeple rising in the back as vehicles drive by during the daytime.

Closeup of a blue and tan metal sign with green trees and a lake in the background. Text on the sign reads, "Van Cleef Lake, named for George Cunningham Van Cleef, one of first white children born in Seneca County 1797."

City street lined with a long, 2-story red-brick building with white windows. Many modern vehicles are either parked or drive down the street. Tall green deciduous trees are in the distance.

Sepia tone sketch of a town situated between 2 hills with a large river running across the bottom right. The words, "Walton, New York, 1887," are written across the bottom center in Gothic script, with other miniscule text on each side.

Black and white photo of 3 early-1900s cars coming around a bend in a racetrack. A crowd looks on from the right, with a building looming behind them.

Black and white photo of a dirt road lined with trees and several wooden, single story buildings with pitched roofs. The closest building has a sign that reads, "Shanley Brothers" and 1 woman and 2 men standing in front.

Closeup of a blue and tan metal sign with green trees in the background. Text on the sign reads, "Windsor. David Hotchkiss Founder, circa 1787, gave village green to Presbyterian Society 1802. Town of Windsor. 1807. Village incorporated 1897."

Man with glasses in a black shirt demonstrates sign language in front of a black curtain. White text in a red box at the bottom of the screen reads, "Congress."

Side view of a man and woman with dark hair inside a dimly lit ornate building looking up. Several marble pillars on shiny floors are visible behind them. Caption. In June 1923, the neoclassical H, S, B, C building was completed.

Several large, leafless trees in a brown field appear against a cloudy winter sky. Caption. And supplier of trading products to the East.

Large red crane lifts a red and black shipping container in front of many other colorful shipping containers stacked on top of each other. Caption. Today, Amsterdam is regarded as a leading port in Europe.

Corner of Wall Street in dim light with 2 N, Y, P, D squad cars parked at the corner while several people in suits walk by in the background. Several American flags are displayed on a building on the right. Caption. But things are different now.

Man in a blacksmith's shop wearing gloves places hot metal on an anvil. Caption. Small ironworks and village blacksmiths gave way.

Still image from: What Is a Democrat?

Still image from: What Is a Republican?

Still image from: What Is Democracy?

Still image from: Who Can Vote and How Do They Vote?

Nate talks in front of a blackboard background. A sign that reads, "No Guns Allowed," and a sepia-tone photo of a man appear on screen next to him. Caption. "Was trying to find non-violent ways."

Color illustration. Girl laying down in hospital bed as man in lab coat touches her forehead. Caption. Well, you might find this hard to believe.

Color illustration of a group of Native American people on horseback. Caption. The most important change came with the arrival of the horse.

Still image from: Without a Whisper

Woman with dark hair and wearing a pink polo shirt leans against a wooden railing on a bridge over a stream. She looks at a smiling man in a green sweater sitting on the railing. Caption. Just cut to the chase?