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Filtering by tag: captioning
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A Study of the Eye Movement Strategies Used in Viewing Captioned Television
This 2000 paper by Carl Jensema reports that deaf children might be totally ignoring captions on television programs until they are about seven years old and then start "utilizing captions bit by bit between the ages of seven and nine years. In other words, they may be ignoring captions until they have the reading skills to understand them, rather than utilizing captions to learn to read." Research was continued (at the Western Pennsylvania School for the Deaf) and reported on in the 2003 "The Relation Between Eye Movement and Reading Captions and Print by School-Age Deaf Children." Conclusions included affirmations that captioned television programs are complex reading material, requiring the reader to obtain information from both a moving picture and words flashed on the screen. Deaf children are supposed to "split his or her attention between the picture and the captions according to some personal formula that maximizes the information gained." Cites the use of the EyeGaze system, which was initially in...Read More
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The State of Closed Captioning Services in the United States: An Assessment of Quality, Availability, and Use
This 2003 survey finds that 36 percent of 203 respondents (deaf, hard of hearing, and ESL) report that captions move too fast. The study was conducted by the Annenburg Public Policy Center of the University of Pennsylvania and sponsored by the National Captioning Institute Foundation. Looks at the implementation and utility of closed captions in several ways: (1) through the actual programming, (2) from the perspective of the various audiences, and (3) from the industries charged with providing the captioning. TiVo and news samples were used for this study. One example has a clip from CNN were the audio states: "Closed Captioning provided by ISC, Invention Submission Corporation," yet there are no closed captions onscreen. Programs that received positive comments about their closed captioning include: "60 Minutes," "CSI," "NYPD Blue," and the children's show "Arthur," to name a few. Tables and figures are interspersed throughout the article. Includes a list of other reports done by Annenburg and in what ...Read More
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Utilizing Captioned Films for Teaching Communication Skills
Written in 1981 for the Captioned Films for the Deaf lesson guide manual. Kathryn Silvis, Assistant Professor of Special Education at MacMurray College, encourages teachers to consider the use of captioned films as a tool for the teaching of communication skills (auditory training, visual communication, and speech). Ms. Silvis overviews the films that might have value in these areas, including those dealing with emotions, human relations, fables, children's literature, poetry, safety education, community life, and others. She points out special features of films, such as a bouncing ball to indicate the number of beats each syllable of a word is prolonged in a song or rhyme. At the end of the article, she includes a form for analysis of the potential use of a captioned film for use in communication skills training, including attention to use of lip movements and their visibility for visual communication training. Captioned films, she concludes, provide the teacher with a motivating and enriching tool that...Read More
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