The video "How Blockchain Works: Under the Hood" explores the fundamental concept of blockchain technology using the example of Bitcoin, the first and most popular cryptocurrency. It starts with an explanation of Bitcoin as a decentralized, peer-to-peer network that eliminates the need for a central authority, like a bank, and relies on a distributed ledger for transaction validation. Key mechanisms such as digital signatures, consensus, and proof of work are explained for ensuring transaction security. The video emphasizes the importance of miners, who maintain the blockchain’s integrity while being rewarded for their work. Beyond cryptocurrencies, blockchain’s potential applications in various industries are hinted at. The video aligns with educational standards in explaining technology’s role in financial and computing networks, making it relevant to school curriculum discussions on mathematics, digital literacy, and economics.