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Antibiotics: The Wonder Drug

45 minutes 8 seconds

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Black and white photo of women in lab coats, 1 woman holds a clipboard watching another woman holding out forceps. Caption. Narrator. Florey and Chain had only a limited amount of penicillin.

Penicillin was one of the first antibiotic agents, and it is still one of the most widely used. In 1928 Scottish bacteriologist Alexander Fleming first observed that colonies of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus failed to grow in those areas of a culture that had been accidentally contaminated by the green mold Penicillium notatum. He isolated the mold, grew it in a fluid medium, and found that it produced a substance capable of killing many of the common bacteria that infect humans. Australian pathologist Howard Florey and British biochemist Ernst Boris Chain isolated and purified penicillin in the late 1930s, and by 1941 an injectable form of the drug was available for therapeutic use.